PbS Nanoparticles Capped with Tetrathiafulvalenetetracarboxylate: Utilizing Energy Level Alignment for Efficient Carrier Transport

We fabricate a field-effect transistor by covalently functionalizing PbS nanoparticles with tetrathiafulvalenetetracarboxylate. Following experimental results from cyclic voltammetry and ambient-pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, we postulate a near-resonant alignment of the PbS 1Sh state and the organic HOMO, which is confirmed by atomistic calculations. Considering the large width of interparticle spacing, we observe an abnormally high field-effect hole mobility, which we attribute to the postulated resonance. In contrast to nanoparticle devices coupled through common short-chained ligands, our system maintains a large degree of macroscopic order as revealed by X-ray scattering. This provides a different approach to the design of hybrid organic–inorganic nanomaterials, circumvents the problem of phase segregation, and holds for versatile ways to design ordered, coupled nanoparticle thin films.